SAMSEINFOS: L’expropriation récente du Noom Hotel de Cotonou du groupe Groupe Teyliom International de l’entrepreneur Yerim Sow a tout l’air d’une grosse affaire aux antipodes du narratif d’un pays réformateur, salué par ses nombreuses performances tant par la Banque Mondiale que par le FMI.
Afin de compendre les tenants et les aboutissants de cette affaire, Financial Afrik s’est adressé à toutes les parties prenantes qui, tant du côté de l’homme d’affaires sénégalo-ivoirien que de celui des autorités béninoises, observent un silence de cathédrale, réservant sans doute leurs munitions pour la Cour Commune (CCGA) à Abidjan et le CIRDI de Washington où le dossier, épineux et complexe, a été porté. Retour sur les faits, rien que les faits.
Le 28 février 2020, l’homme d’affaires Yerim Sow à la tête du groupe Teyliom* (1500 collaborateurs et un parc de 795 chambres) reçoit un appel téléphonique du ministre béninois des Finances l’annonçant que son hôtel est réquisitionné pour les besoins d’utilité publique. Le Bénin voudrait y ériger à la place le Monument Amazone.
Pris de court, l’entrepreneur s’est rendu en toute urgence à la convocation des autorités pour sauver son projet en construction depuis 2014 sur une surface de 2 hectares faisant l’objet d’un bail accordé au groupe sous l’ère de l’ancien président, Yayi Boni, remplacé depuis 2016 par le président Patrice Talon.
Bénéficiaire d’un code d’investissement et réalisé à plus de 90% pour un investissement de 15 milliards de FCFA, le complexe hôtelier a été réquisitionné comme le confirmeront les ministres des Finances et de Justice ainsi que l’Agence Nationale du Domaine et du Foncier du Bénin (« ANDF »). La décision a été rendue par le tribunal de première instance de Cotonou puis confirmée par la Cour d’appel.
En clair, le complexe a été réquisitionné pour démolition dans une procédure accélérée. L’homme d’affaires se voit notifier verbalement de faire la liste des investissements consentis pour un éventuel remboursement. Ce qui est fait mais sans suites à ce jour, alimentant les spéculations sur la protection réelle des investissements au Bénin, pays bien noté par la communauté internationale, avec un président qui connaît bien le monde des affaires pour en avoir toujours fait partie à travers ses différentes entreprises.
Du côté des officiels béninois, le silence est de rigueur. Toutefois une voix non autorisée évoque des délais contractuels échus depuis mars 2016 sans étayer ses déclarations par des preuves. Une prorogation de deux ans a été accordée, ce qui a ramené le délai imparti à mars 2018, détaille notre source. Un délai supplémentaire de 6 mois sera accordé jusqu’en novembre 2018. Pourtant, des sources proches du promoteur confirment que le projet est pratiquement achevé étant prêt pour la phase d’exploitation (voir photo).
Aujourd’hui, deux procédures judiciaires sont en cours. Le Groupe Teyliom a porté l’affaire à Washington devant le Centre International pour le Règlement des Différends relatifs aux Investissements (CIRDI) et devant la Cour Commune de Justice et d’Arbitrage de l’OHADA (CCJA-OHADA) à Abidjan afin, argue-t-on dans son entourage, de sauvegarder ses droits à être indemnisé du préjudice subi.
Au delà des raisons officielles avancées, à savoir une requisition pour les besoins de la construction du monument “Amazone”, force est de le dire, Yarim Sow n’est pas le premier investisseur hôtelier au Bénin à voir ces dernières années son projet stoppé net.
En effet, le futur complexe hôtelier en cours de construction appartenant à Ghaby KODEIH, opérateur économique béninois, et qui doit être exploité sous l’enseigne Marriot à Cotonou, situé également dans la même zone du Palais du Congrès, fait l’objet actuellement d’une réquisition des autorités béninoises.
De même, le Bénin Marina Hotel, anciennement appelé Hôtel Sheraton, édifice en béton armé qui surplombait Cotonou, propriété de l’homme d’affaires béninois Martin Rodriguez, après une cession intervenue entre l’Etat béninois et son groupe, a été nationalisé et retourné dans le patrimoine de l’Etat du Bénin puis démoli.
A cet effet, le gouvernement béninois a approuvé, en Conseil des Ministres du 31 juillet 2019, la contractualisation avec le Groupe Accor pour une mission d’assistance technique hôtelière et la construction, l’équipement et la gestion du futur hôtel Sofitel de Cotonou.
Face au mur de silence qui entoure l’affaire, d’aucuns font le parallèle entre les intérêts de certains officiels dans le secteur hôtelier et les déboires rencontrés par les investisseurs privés. C’est un secret de polichinelle en effet, le président béninois entretient une relation étroite avec le groupe Accor, propriétaire d’hôtels sous enseignes Ibis et Novotel, presents à Cotonou.
Cette affaire complexe repose la question de la protection des investisseurs privés. Que cela se passe au Bénin, pays modèle aux yeux de la Banque Mondiale et du FMI, ne change pas la problématique, mais le complique.
Y aurait-il un conflit d’intérêt entre le président Patrice Talon, concepteur du Bénin Révelé, et l’homme d’affaires Patrice Talon, riche promoteur présent dans le coton, l’hôtellerie et diverses activités ? Si tel était le cas, ne faudrait-il pas protéger le premier du second ?
Les investissements principaux de Teyliom en Côte d’Ivoire ont été réalisés dans les Télécoms avec MTN CI et dans la banque avec la Bridge Bank Group Côte d’Ivoire (BBG CI) qui a débuté ses activités en juin 2006 et est classée 9ème banque nationale sur 29 avec un total bilan de plus de FCFA 500 milliards au 30 juin 2020. Dans le secteur de l’hôtellerie, l’investissement total réalisé à date par le Groupe Teyliom est de FCFA 130 milliards avec un parc de 795 chambres (Radisson Blu Dakar au Sénégal, Yaas Hotel Almadies à Dakar au Sénégal, Seen Hotel Abidjan en Côte d’Ivoire, Noom Hotel Conakry en Guinée, Noom Hotel Niamey au Niger).
Le monument « Amazone », haut de 30 mètres , construit en métal avec une enveloppe en bronze, est érigé en mémoire des Amazones de Dahomey. L’ouvrage est situé presque en face de Sèmè-City, entre la clôture du Port autonome de Cotonou et celle du palais des Congrès de Cotonou. La construction de l’ouvrage est confiée à Li Xiangqun, de la société Beijing Huashi Xiangqun Culture & Art, Co..
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